Mgwirizano wa mabungwe aSanofi, DNDi ndi HAT-r-ACC ukulengeza zoti  nthambi  yowunika mankhwala ya European Medicines Agency’s (EMA) Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) lavomereza zotsatira za kafukufuku yemwe wapeza kuti  Fexinidazole Winthrop ndi mankhwala oyamba kupezeka okumwa oti ndiochilitsa matenda  ogona (sleeping sickness). Zotsatirazi zawonetsa kuti mankhwalawa angaperekedwe kwa akulu ndi ana osachepera zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi (6) oti amalemera mulingo wa 20 kg. Mankhalawa akumachilitsa matenda ogona oti angoyamba kumene (haemo-lymphatic) ndiponso oti abyola mulingo umenewo omwe amatchulidwa kuti Trypanosoma brucei (T.b.) rhodesiense kumbali ya sayansi. Matendawa omwe amapha ndithu amapezeka kummawa ndikumwera kwa Africa.

Kafukufukuyu akutsatira chilolezo chomwe bungwe la Sanofi linapatsidwa mmaiko a Malawi ndi Ugunda. Chilolezochi chinapemphedwa motsogozedwa ndi bungwe la Medical Research Organization Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi). Mchaka cha 2018, CHMP inatsindikiza zotsatira za kafukufuku wina oti Fexinidazole Winthrop ndi mankhwala okumwa oyamba kupezeka omwe angaperekedwe kwa akuluakulu ndi ana osachepera zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi (6) oti amalemera mulingo wa 20 kg. Mchakacho, nthambi ya CHMP lidati mankhwalawa akumachilitsa matenda ogona oti angoyamba kumene (haemo-lymphatic) ndiponso a mulingo owopsa omwe amatchulidwa kuti Trypanosoma brucei (T.b.) amene ndi gulu la matendawa omwe amatchedwa  T.b. gambiense opezeka kwambiri mmaiko aku madzulo ndi pakati  pa Africa.

Matenda ogona omwe amapha ndithu ngati odwala sanalandile thandizo la mankhwala. Magawo awiri onse a matendawa amafala ukalumidwa ndi ntchetche zotchedwa tsetse zomwe zimapezeka mu maiko okwana 36 amu Africa. Zina mwa zizindikiro zake ndi kuchita zipolowe, zoduka mutu komanso  kugona mwakathithi zomwe mapeto ake zimabala imfa.

Dietmar Berger, MD, PhD
Mkulu owona za chitukuko komanso otsogolera ntchito zau dotolo ku bungwe la Sanofi:
“Kuvomera kwa CHMP ndi chitsanzo choonetsa kuti bungwe lathu likukwanilitsa masomphenya opeza thandizo  la mankhwala kupita mmadera omwe ali ovutika omwe akusautsidwa ndi matenda ogonawa, omwe ali ndikuthekera kokupha.  Pogwira ntchito limodzi ndi World Health Organisation ndi DNDi, tikuchita zakupya poonesetsa kuti anthu akuchilitsidwa komanso kuti mankhwala akufika m`madera osiyasiyana mosavuta. Mgwirizano umenewu komanso thandizo la mankhwala a  Fexinidazole Winthrop omwe tikupereka kudzera ku Foundation S, likuonetseratu poyera kuchilimika kwathu poonesetsa kuti tikupereka thandizo la mankhwala loyenera posatengera komwe odwala akukhala.”

kafukufuyo waonetsa kuti odwala gulu la matenda ogona otchedwa T.b. rhodesiense akuyenera kumwa Fexinidazole Winthrop kwa masiku khumi, pilisi limodzi pa tsiku. Zotsatira za gawo lachiwiri za kafukufuku wa DNDi zinaperekedwa posachedwapa ku mgwirizano wa maiko aku ulaya owunika za mankhwala la European Congress of Tropical Medicine and International Health. Zotsatirazo zinaonetsa kuti Fexinidazole Winthrop ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu kochilitsa gulu la T.b. rhodesiense la matenda ogonawa. Kawuniwuni yemwe amaunikanso kagwiridwe ntchito ka mankhwala anachitika kwa miyezi khumi ndi iwiri. Odwala m’modzi yekha yemwe anali odwalitsitsa ndiyemwe sadachile atalandila mankhwala-wa. Iyeyu anachita kukalandila thandizo la makhwala ena kuti achile.

Dr Westain Nyirenda
Mkulu amene amatsogolera kafukufuku ku Malawi yemwenso ndi ndi mkulu owona za umoyo m’bola la Rumphi:
“Matenda ogona otchedwa T.b. rhodesiense ndiwoopsa kwambiri ndipo amafoola kwambiri thupi kuposa T.b. gambiense. Iwowa amapha mwachangu ngati odwala sanalandile thandizo. Mpaka pano, kamba kosowekera chidwi chopezera mankhwala okumwa, makhwala achikale kale otinso amapereka chiopsezo pa moyo wa odwala, ndi omwe akhala akuperekedwa mzipatala zathu.  Kupezeka kwa mankhwala-wa osavuta kumwa komanso kupereka chiopsezo zithandiza kuti madotolo apulumutse miyoyo yambiri.

Ngakhale kuti  anthu ndiomwe  amapezeka kwambiri ndi matendawa, kochokera kwake kwenikweni ndikuthengo ndipo amatha kufalikira kuchokera ku nyama zamu tchire komanso ziweto kupita kwa anthu. Ng’ombe, mbidzi ndi mbawala ndiye nkhokwe za matendawa. Kuyenda yenda kwa nyamazi,  maka Kamba ka ng’amba ndikusintha kwa nyengo kutha kufalitsa kwambiri matendewa. Alendo ena omwe akhala akukaona nyama zaku tchire akhala akutenganso matendawa. 

Dr Olaf Valverde Mordt
Mkulu otsogolera ntchito zokhudza matenda ogona ku bungwe la DNDi
“Kupezeka kwa mankhwalawa zikuonetseratu kuti yaphweketsa ntchito yothandiza odwala matenda ogonawa  mmaiko ena monga Democratic Republic of Congo. Ngakhale kuti matenda ogona a mtundu wa  T.b. rhodesiens sanafale kwambiri chaka chatha, dziko la Ethiopia kunapezeka munthu oyamba Kupezeka ndi matendwa kuchokera mzaka za mma 1970.  Ng’amba , mthawi imeneyi, inapangitsa kuti anthu ndi ng’ombe azidutsa dutsa komwe kumapezeka ntchentche za  tsetse. Kusintha kwa nyengo ndikomwenso kukuganiziridwa kuti kwadzutsanso matendawa.”

Kuvomereza kwa  kafukufukuyi  kupangitsa kuti bungwe loona za umoyo pa dziko la pansi la WHO liwunikenso ndondomeko za mankhwala a matenda ogona komanso kugawa mankhwala a Fexinidazole Winthrop mmaiko amu Africa  komwe mtundu wa matenda ogona la T.b. rhodesiense amapezeka kwambiri. Fexinidazole Winthrop aperekedwa ku WHO kudzera ku Foundation S, yomwe ndi nthambi yopereza thandizo ya bungwe la Sanofi.

Dr Ibrahima Socé Fall
Otsogolera matenda omwe samalabadilidwa kwambiri ku bungwe la WHO
“Zotsatira za kusintha kwa nyengo zipangitsa kuti matenda ofala kudzera mu tizilombo toluma monga matenda ogona afalikire maka kuchokera kwa nyama kupita kwa anthu. Izizi zibweretsa Mavuto aakulu maka mmadera omwe mmakhala anthu ovutika. Kamba ka izi pakufunika kulowetsapo ndalama zambiri mu ndondomeko zothana ndi matenda oti salabadilidwa kwambiri ngati ogona. Kuonjezera apa, pakufunika kupititsa patsogolo ma luso a zida zogwiritsa ntchito komanso mankhwala. Tikuthokoza a DNDi, omwe tili nawo pa mgwirizano, kamba ka kafukufukuyu komaso a  Sanofi  chifukwa cha thandizo losiyana siyana pa ntchitoyi.”

Fexinidazole Winthrop anamutsindikiza kale mmaiko a Democratic Republic of the Congo ndi  Uganda ngati mankhwala ochiritsa mtundu wa matenda ogona la T.b. gambiense komanso ndiovomerezeka kugwira ntchito mmaiko 10 amu Africa omwe ndi Angola, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Guinea ndi South Sudan.

Dr Michelle Helinski
Mkulu oyang’anira ntchito za matenda osalabadilidwa mu bungwe European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership Association.
“Tijkuthokoza mgwirizano wa HAT-r-ACC popeza njira yabwino yopereka thandizo la mankhwala a matendawa omwe ndi amodzi omwe samalabadilidwa. Ndipo ndife okondwa kuti nthambi ya CHMP yawavomereza.

Kafukufukuyi anapangidwa ndi mgwirizano wotchedwa HAT-r-ACC Consortium, ndi thandizo la ndalama lochokera ku European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership Association (EDCTP2) yomwe ili mkhwapa mwa European Union; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia from Portugal; Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), from Switzerland; Médecins Sans Frontières International; and UK International Development, United Kingdom; and other private foundations and individuals.

Photo credit: Lameck Ododo-DNDi