Leishmaniasis hit-to-lead
Through collaborative hit-to-lead projects, identify new leads with activity in animal models of disease and the potential for further optimization
last phase of drug development




updated 15 Feb 2023
Hit-to-lead is a dynamic phase in the drug discovery process in which small molecule hits from high throughput screens or other lead identification efforts are evaluated and undergo optimization to identify promising lead compounds.
The process of hit-to-lead optimization is ongoing, with multiple series being progressed based on outputs of the screening programme. A variety of hit-to-lead mechanisms and exploration strategies are being used to progress towards in vivo proof-of-concept studies in pre-clinical efficacy models of leishmaniasis.
Project updates
2022
Activities related to hit generation and optimization for visceral leishmaniasis remain down-prioritized in favour of investment in other disease areas. However, the DNDi discovery team continued to contribute to target-based drug discovery and perform limited in vitro and in vivo profiling with external collaborators.
2021
As a result of progress in current lead optimization and the pre-clinical candidate portfolio, hit generation for visceral leishmaniasis has been down prioritized in favour of investment in other disease areas. However, limited efforts were made in 2021 to profile and further progress some series as part of the lead optimization consortia (LOLA, LO AUS, LO US, and LOCI).
2020
More than 10 distinct series from various origins were progressed.
2019
The process of hit-to-lead optimization is ongoing, with multiple series being progressed based on outputs of the screening programme. A variety of hit-to-lead mechanisms and exploration strategies are being used to progress towards in vivo proof-of-concept studies in pre-clinical efficacy models of leishmaniasis.
2018
The process of hit-to-lead optimization is ongoing, with multiple series provided by several pharmaceutical companies as well as with hits from libraries purchased from commercial vendors and screened by DNDi. If promising activity can be demonstrated in pre-clinical models of leishmaniasis, the series will be advanced into full lead optimization.
2017
The process of hit-to-lead optimization is ongoing with multiple series from several pharmaceutical companies and with hits from libraries purchased from commercial vendors and screened by DNDi to be advanced if promising activity can be shown in pre-clinical models.
2016
The process of hit-to-lead optimization is ongoing with multiple series from several pharmaceutical companies and with hits from libraries purchased from commercial vendors and screened by DNDi to be advanced if promising activity can be shown in pre-clinical models.
2015
A notable success in January 2015 was the successful advancement of the aminopyrazole series from the hit to lead stage into the next lead optimization stage. This early work has recently been published in J. Med. Chem. In addition, the NTD Drug Discovery Booster project commenced in April 2015 working with four pharmaceutical companies: Eisai, Shionogi, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, and Astra Zeneca and has so far conducted hit expansion on six different hits which are being developed for leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.
A number of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies have been conducted in animal models of VL using existing and experimental drugs to build improved PK/PD models and ameliorate the translation of new drugs from discovery into clinical studies.
- Anacor Pharmaceuticals (now Pfizer Inc.), USA
- AstraZeneca, Sweden
- Center for Medicinal Chemistry (CQMED), Brazil
- Epichem, Australia
- Eurofarma, Brazil
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) – Spain, Spain
- Griffith University, Australia
- Institut Pasteur Korea (IPK), Republic of Korea
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), UK
- Merck, USA
- Pfizer Inc. (formerly Anacor Pharmaceuticals), USA
- Sandexis, UK
- Sanofi, France
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Switzerland
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Institute of Chemistry, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Institute of Physics, Brazil
- University of Antwerp, Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Hygiene (LMPH), Belgium
- University of Dundee, Drug Discovery Unit, UK
- Anacor Pharmaceuticals (now Pfizer Inc.)
- ,USA
- AstraZeneca
- ,Sweden
- Center for Medicinal Chemistry (CQMED)
- ,Brazil
- Epichem
- ,Australia
- Eurofarma
- ,Brazil
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) – Spain
- ,Spain
- Griffith University
- ,Australia
- Institut Pasteur Korea (IPK)
- ,Republic of Korea
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM)
- ,UK
- Merck
- ,USA
- Pfizer Inc. (formerly Anacor Pharmaceuticals)
- ,USA
- Sandexis
- ,UK
- Sanofi
- ,France
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH)
- ,Switzerland
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited
- ,Japan
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- ,Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Institute of Physics
- ,Brazil
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Institute of Chemistry
- ,Brazil
- University of Antwerp, Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Hygiene (LMPH)
- ,Belgium
- University of Dundee, Drug Discovery Unit
- ,UK
- AstraZeneca, Sweden
- University of Dundee, Drug Discovery Unit, UK
- Epichem, Australia
- Griffith University, Australia
- Institut Pasteur Korea (IPK), Republic of Korea
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) – Spain, Spain
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Institute of Physics, Brazil
- University of Antwerp, Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Hygiene (LMPH), Belgium
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), UK
- Merck, USA
- Pfizer Inc. (formerly Anacor Pharmaceuticals), USA
- Sanofi, France
- Sandexis, UK
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Japan
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Institute of Chemistry, Brazil
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Switzerland
- Center for Medicinal Chemistry (CQMED), Brazil
- Eurofarma, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Brazil
- Anacor Pharmaceuticals (now Pfizer Inc.), USA
- Germany - Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) through KfW
- Switzerland - Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)
- The Netherlands - Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DGIS)
- UK - UK International Development
- Médecins Sans Frontières International
- Other private foundations and individuals
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