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Home > Press Releases Translations

La falta de concientización sobre la enfermedad de Chagas en los EEUU está causando muertes prevenibles en comunidades de inmigrantes vulnerables

Nuevo artículo de DNDi/CECD/MSF publicado en PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases sobre la enfermedad de Chagas, "el asesino silencioso".

Home > Press Releases Translations

La falta de concientización sobre la enfermedad de Chagas en los EEUU está causando muertes prevenibles en comunidades de inmigrantes vulnerables

Nuevo artículo de DNDi/CECD/MSF publicado en PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases sobre la enfermedad de Chagas, "el asesino silencioso".

Nueva York / Los Ángeles, EE. UU. — 26 Sep 2019
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El miedo, las brechas en el sistema de salud y la falta de concientización son algunas de las barreras que impiden el acceso de los más vulnerables al tratamiento de la enfermedad de Chagas, una de las principales causas de problemas cardíacos en las Américas, según un artículo publicado por la organización sin fines de lucro de desarrollo de medicamentos iniciativa Medicamentos para Enfermedades Olvidadas (DNDi, por su acrónimo en inglés), el Center of Excellence for Chagas Disease (CECD) del centro médico Olive View de la UCLA y la organización humanitaria médica internacional Médicos Sin Fronteras (MSF).

Publicado hoy en PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, el artículo examina por qué únicamente el 0,3% de las más de 300.000 personas que viven con Chagas en los EEUU reciben el tratamiento para esta enfermedad desatendida trasmitida por las “chinches” o “vinchucas” –tratamiento este que les puede salvar la vida. Si bien el Chagas se trasmite dentro de los EEUU por chinches autóctonas, la mayoría de las personas que viven con la enfermedad en el país nacieron en América Latina y actualmente encuentran múltiples barreras para acceder al tratamiento. Si no se trata tempranamente, Chagas puede causar daños cardíacos y complicaciones digestivas que pueden ser fatales.

Los autores observan que las desigualdades políticas y económicas crecientes combinadas con sentimientos hostiles a los inmigrantes limitan drásticamente la capacidad de muchas personas con la enfermedad de Chagas de acceder al tratamiento. Se calcula que el 30% de aquellos que viven con Chagas en los EEUU son indocumentados.

“La desatención a las personas que viven con la enfermedad de Chagas es un ejemplo más del impacto producido por el ambiente actual sobre la salud de comunidades de inmigrantes en los EEUU“, afirma la Dra. Sheba Meymandi, directora del Center of Excellence for Chagas Disease (CECD) del centro médico Olive View de la UCLA y una de las autoras del artículo. “Es difícil tratarse cuando uno tiene un empleo que no permite ausencias y para ir a una consulta hay que viajar tres horas en ómnibus, y luego el médico no sabe de qué hablas cuando preguntas sobre la enfermedad de Chagas.“

El CECD es el único centro de salud en los EEUU que se dedica exclusivamente a brindar un tratamiento completo para la enfermedad de Chagas. Desde 2007, tamizó a 8.000 personas para la enfermedad de Chagas, a menudo en ferias de salud en Los Ángeles. Lamentablemente, el CECD es una rareza en los EEUU. Como afirman los autores, la mayoría de los profesionales de la salud del país no conocen la enfermedad.  Chagas es una “enfermedad silenciosa”; cuando surgen los síntomas, el tratamiento puede ser menos efectivo. Por eso es importante tamizar lo antes posible a las personas que puedan estar en riesgo.

Con base en la experiencia del CECD en Los Ángeles, los autores proponen fortalecer los programas de control y de concientización pública, reforzando la educación de profesionales de salud y garantizando la disponibilidad de control y tratamiento gratuitos para las personas que puedan tener la enfermedad. También serán cruciales mayores inversiones para mejorar el diagnóstico y simplificar el tratamiento, y así brindar una mejor atención a las personas que viven con la enfermedad de Chagas.

 

Woman sitting at a table

Conozca casos de personas que viven con la enfermedad de Chagas en los EEUU, incluso aquellas que fueron infectadas sin haber salido del país.

Acerca de la DNDi

Una organización sin fines de lucro dedicada a la investigación y el desarrollo, la DNDi trabaja para brindar nuevos tratamientos para pacientes desatendidos, los que sufren con la enfermedad de Chagas, la enfermedad del sueño (tripanosomiasis humana africana), la leishmaniasis, infecciones por filarias, micetoma, el VIH pediátrico y la hepatitis C. Desde su creación en 2003, la DNDi desarrolló ocho nuevos tratamientos, incluyendo nuevas combinaciones de medicamentos para la leishmaniasis visceral, dos antipalúdicos con dosis fijas y la primera nueva entidad química desarrollada con éxito por la DNDi, el fexinidazol, aprobado en 2018 para el tratamiento de las dos fases de la enfermedad del sueño.

Acerca de la MSF

Médicos Sin Fronteras/Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) es una organización humanitaria médica internacional e independiente que trabaja en más de 70 países para ayudar personas afectadas por conflictos armados, epidemias, exclusión del acceso a la salud y desastres naturales o provocados por el hombre. Para saber más: https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org

Photo credit: Angela Boatwright-DNDi

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